Sulfur Tracking Program
The Sulfur program will focus on creating new technologies for monitoring, modeling and modifying the effects of tropospheric sulfur emissions. Sulfur is the second most impactful climate-altering gas after CO2, despite lasting only ~2 weeks in the atmosphere. The 2020 IMO shipping fuel regulation led to an estimated 0.2 W/m² increase in forcing, contributing to 80% of the global heat uptake increase from 2020 to today. Unmasking sulfur pollution (due to decarbonization and air quality improvements) is expected to significantly exacerbate extreme heat for over 1 billion people, with especially profound impacts in the Indian subcontinent. Since 1970, Western Europe and the Eastern US have already experienced an estimated .4C of this unmasking as sulfur was phased down. It is essential that we increase monitoring and modeling of sulfur, to help us forecast and plan for this unmasked warming.
Program Personnel
Colleen Golja
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Dr. Golja received her PhD from Harvard University, where her dissertation work focused on aerosol microphysics related to stratospheric aerosol injection strategies, supervised by Professor David Keith. She subsequently led a multi-institution consortium across Imperial College London, the University of Leeds, the University of Exeter, and the University of Bristol on a UKRI-funded project advancing holistic risk assessment of stratospheric aerosol injection. Her work spans both the process-level science of aerosol behavior and the governance implications of solar radiation management, making her uniquely positioned to lead a program at the intersection of both.
Carla Roesch
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Dr. Roesch completed her PhD at the University of Edinburgh in 2024 under the supervision of Professor Gabi Hegerl, where she developed detection and attribution methods to separate the climate signal of aerosol forcing from that of greenhouse gases, precisely the scientific problem STP is designed to resolve at observational scale. She subsequently joined the Gentine Lab at Columbia University as a postdoctoral researcher focusing on causal machine learning for climate applications. She continues to collaborate with academic and industry partners on the development of machine learning methods for climate and weather prediction, modelling and risk analysis.
Seed Grants
ARC’s Seed grants will provide early-stage funding to catalyze promising ideas addressing catastrophic climate risks.
ARC Seed grants support promising ideas with exploratory efforts, scoping studies, concept development, early-stage research, and small pilot projects, to help develop and refine innovative concepts or unblock initial barriers.
Timeline: ARC Seed grants are provided for 3-6 month engagements.
Grant Amount: ARC’s Seed grants generally provide $30–100K in funding as well as deep engagement on project design and strategy.
Turn your climate ideas into actionable programs.
Apply for a Seed Grant.
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Sulfur Tracking Program
Colleen Golja, Carla Roesch
2025
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Undercurrent
Kelly Kinetic, Shaun Kinetic, Lea Eaton
2025
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Planning for Catastrophic Climate Risk
Laurie Laybourn
2025
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Carbon Removal as a National Security Imperative
Noah Deich
2025
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AI-Powered Social Science for Climate Emergencies Research
Allegra Cohen
2025
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The Arctic Stabilization Initiative (ASI)
Charlotte DeWald
2025
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The Climate Emergencies Resilience Lab
Deep Sciences Ventures
2025
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Coastal Futures Resilience Initiative (CFRI)
Charlotte Love
2026
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CatRisk: AI Infrastructure for Catastrophic Climate Risk Reasoning
Fahd Husain
2026
Build Grants
ARC’s Build grants will enable leaders to turn promising concepts into actionable programs.
ARC Build grants support the development of independent organizations or partnerships with existing entities, focusing on activities such as program planning, roadmapping, early implementation, and organizational development.
Timeline: ARC Build grants are provided for 6-month to 1-year engagements.
Grant Amount: ARC’s Build grants generally provide $100-400k in funding as well as strategic and operational support, and a variety of technical expertise.
Turn your climate ideas into actionable programs.
Apply for a Build Grant.
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Arête Glacier Initiative
Brent Minchew, Lauren Mahle
2024–2025
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The Arctic Stabilization Initiative (ASI)
Charlotte DeWald
2025
Scale Partners
ARC’s Scale grants will empower our partner organizations to achieve significant impact by advancing key program objectives.
ARC’s Scale Partnerships provide targeted support to help organizations working on challenges aligned with ARC’s mission to enhance their efforts addressing climate risks.
In addition to resources, we offer technical expertise, strategic guidance for organizational growth and research, and hands-on support in fundraising and partnership development. By working closely with our partners, we ensure that promising initiatives are well-positioned to succeed and grow.
Get in touch
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Reflective
Dakota Gruener, Doug MacMartin
2024–2025
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Arête Glacier Initiative
Brent Minchew, Lauren Mahle
2024–2025